Gallbladder cancer is an uncommon cancer of the digestive tract. The gallbladder is an organ which is like a small pouch and its function is to store bile. Bile is a fluid which helps in digestion of food. It also helps in breaking down fats present in food.
Generally, people with early gallbladder cancer don’t have any symptoms. These are discovered when someone has undergone surgery to remove gallstones.
Gallbladder cancer has peculiar geographical distribution it is being common in central and South America, central and eastern Europe, Japan and northern India and common to certain ethnic groups only.
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CANDROL is emerging is the only hope for terminal cancer patients and for newly diagnosed patients combining both CANDROL and conventional therapies is indicated to reduce disease load immediately.
There are no contradictions with any other therapy noted so far. So, CANDROL can thus be taken along with any other parallel therapy.
Book an appointment with our cancer specialist for satisfactory guidance and understanding and be relieved from the disease.
Some risk factors can be changed as they are habitual and some being involuntary cant be changed.
Risk factors associated with gallbladder are smoking, age and the family history.
Some risk factors are related in some way to chronic inflammation (irritation and swelling) in the gallbladder these are:
- Gallstones: Gallstones are collections of cholesterol that can cause chronic inflammation. Many people with gallstones never get detected of gallbladder cancer.
- Porcelain gallbladder: It is a condition wherein the wall of the gallbladder gets covered by calcium deposits.Mostly after long-term inflammation of the gallbladder (cholecystitis), which is caused by gallstones.
- Female gender: Gallbladder cancer occurs more women than men.
- Obesity: Obesity is a risk factor for gallstones, which can lead to gallbladder cancer.
- Older age: It is found in older people mainly, though younger people can develop it as well. The average age of people are diagnosed with it is 72.
- Ethnicity and geography: It is seen worldwide, that gallbladder cancer is much more common in India, Pakistan, and Central Europe.
- Choledochal cysts: These are bile-filled sacs which are connected to the common bile duct, carry bile to the small intestine. The cells making the lining of the sac often have areas of pre-cancerous changes, which pose a threat towards the development of gallbladder cancer.
- Abnormalities of the bile ducts: The pancreas releases fluids through a duct into the small intestine to help digestion. People with an abnormality in the pancreas are at higher risk of gallbladder cancer.
- Gallbladder polyps: Gallbladder polyp is a growth which bulges out from the surface of the gallbladder wall. Some polyps are of cholesterol deposits while others may be small tumors (either cancerous or benign) or may be caused by inflammation.
- Primary sclerosing cholangitis: In this, there is inflammation and scarring of the bile ducts. People with this have a risk of gallbladder cancer.
- Industrial and environmental chemicals: Exposure to certain chemicals in the environment poses risks of gallbladder cancer. Mostly nitrosamines pose this threat.
- Typhoid: When chronically infected with salmonella bacteria causing typhoid and those bacterias which are carriers of the disease are likely to get gallbladder cancer.
- Family history: A family history of disease increases the chances of developing this cancer, but the risk is still lower as it is a rare disease.
Gallbladder cancer does not usually cause any signs or symptoms until the disease has advanced. Some of the common gallbladder cancer symptoms are:
- Abdominal (belly) pain in the upper right part of the belly.
- Nausea or vomiting
- Jaundice is yellowing of the skin and eyes.
- Lumps in the belly – When bile ducts get blocked the gallbladder swells up to larger than normal.
- Other symptoms include:
- Loss of appetite
- Weight loss
- Swelling in the abdomen (belly)
- Fever
- Itchy skin
- Dark urine
- Light-colored or greasy stools
Though there does not exist any known way to prevent gallbladder cancers.Many risk factors are not under our control like age, gender, ethnicity, and bile duct abnormalities, are beyond our control.
But with things under our control we can control and prevent gallbladder cancer these are:
- Keeping a healthy weight
- Eating a healthy diet and choosing whole-grain bread, pasta, and cereals instead of refined grains.
- Limiting processed food
- Removing the gallbladders
The test and procedures deployed to detect the gallbladder cancer are:
- Physical examination and family history of the disease: General signs of health are checked wherein lumps or anything else that seems unusual is detected.
- History of the patient’s habits and past illnesses should be noted.
- Liver function tests: A blood sample is checked to measure the amounts of certain substances released into the blood by the liver.
- Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) assay: This test measures the level of CEA in the blood. When it is in higher amounts than normal, it is a sign of gallbladder cancer.
- CA 19-9 assay: Higher than normal amounts of CA 19-9 is a sign of gallbladder cancer.
- CT scan (CAT scan)
- Ultrasound exam: Abdominal ultrasound is done to detect gallbladder cancer.
- PTC (percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography): By this test, an x-ray is done of liver and bile ducts.
- Chest x-ray
- ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography)
- Laparoscopy: It is a surgical procedure to view the organs inside the abdomen to check for signs of disease.
- Biopsy: The biopsy is done after surgery to remove the tumor. But when the tumor cannot be removed completely by surgery, then a biopsy is done using a fine needle which removes cells from the tumor.
The prognosis is chance of recovery and treatment options depend on the following:
Which stage is of cancer (whether cancer has spread or not to other places in the body).
- Whether cancer can be completely removed by surgery or not.
- Determining the type of gallbladder cancer.
- Whether cancer which has just been diagnosed or has recurred.
- Treatment also depends on the age and general well-being of the patient and what all signs or symptoms are visible in the patient of cancer.
The Gallbladder tumors can be targeted by the help of some of the most advanced procedures and treatments.
The pioneering treatment available is radiation therapy, surgery, chemotherapy, targeted therapies, and immunotherapy procedures.
