Cancer is an illness which can bring horrifying vibes to the body and in India the prevalence of this illness is increasing like other countries. When we discuss the most common types of cancer, then apart from lung cancer, oral cancer is among the top account around 30% of all cancer cases). Unfortunately, the incidence of oral cancer is highest in India,  south & southeast Asian countries.

The estimation of this figure can easily be imagined as many people of the country are addicted to consuming tobacco even when its packet clearly says that it is injurious for health. So anyone who consumes tobacco and suffering from any severe problem related to oral health is suggested to seek medical advice by visiting the best oral cancer specialist in India. Let’s discuss more about this variant of oral cancer so that you can detect it in its early phases and prevent complications.

What is oral cancer?

It is a type of cancer wherein sore develops in the mouth and keeps on growing at a sow rate. Oral cancer comprises cancer of lips, tongue, cheeks, throat, floor & roof of the mouth, and sinuses. It falls under the category of head and neck cancers and a similar treatment approach is followed. Due to negligence of oral health, it is usually caught at a later stage. But if anyone frequently visits the dentist and pays attention to their mouth, then it can be easily caught early.

Causes of oral cancer :

This type of cancer develops when there is abnormal change in the cells’ DNA that are present in the mouth. DNA is the chemical substance that is responsible for the functionality of the cell. The abnormal change makes the cells self dividing and growing which can gradually destroy the healthy ces and occupy their space. This growth ater takes the form of a tumour which can further spread to the entire mouth or throat.

The development of oral cancer generally begins from squamous cells which are thin and flat cells present on the boundaries of lips or inner lining of the mouth.

There are many factors that can increase the risk of oral cancer. These are:

• Tobacco use in any form, such as cigarettes, cigars, pipes, chewing tobacco, etc.
• Alcohol abuse
• Lips that have been exposed to too much sunlight
• Infected with Human papillomavirus which is a sexually transmitted virus (HPV)
• Weak immunity
• A past mouth cancer diagnosis
• Oral or other types of cancer in the family history
• Malnutrition
• Genetic disorders

Moreover, according to an observation men are more prone to oral cancer than women

The risk of oral cancer increases with age and it is seen that the majority of cases are diagnosed in middle aged or elderly people.

Symptoms that you should not ignore!

• A persistent pain on the lip or in the mouth
• A white, reddish, or white-red patch in the mouth
• Losing teeth or loose teeth due to gum problems
• A bump, sore or growth inside your mouth or your lip that doesn’t heal
• Mouth ache
• Ear ache
• Swelling in the jaw
• Experiencing difficulty in swallowing, speaking , or/and chewing
• Bleeding mouth
• Dentures are difficult to wear.
• You have a lump in your throat
• Weight loss without any reason
• Numbness in the lower lip, cheek, neck, or chin
• Sore throat
• Jaw stiffness or discomfort
• Tongue ache

You may experience numbness in your tongue or other parts of your mouth.

If you experience these symptoms for more than 2 weeks, then it is better to visit a reputed dentist or the best oral cancer specialist in India for medical advice.

Prevention :

Some of the preventive measures suggested by Dr. Rishi Sharma, trusted oral cancer specialist, are the following:

• Avoid tobacco consumption
• Cut down the levels or avoid alcohol
• Visit a dentist reguary for oral hygiene
• Apply sunscreen or lip balm which has sunscreen on the lips
• Get vaccination for HPV
• Pay a little more attention to oral health by brushing twice a day, using floss, etc.

Treatment :

Like other cancers, there are many treatment options and the best option may depend on the severity. But the conventional methods are seen as painful and affect the function capacity of the patient. Hence there is another treatment method in oncology and that is immunotherapy. People find it related to cancer herbal treatment  but it is not.

Cancer immunotherapy is a method through which the immune system is trained to fight against the cancerous cells.  This is why it is considered as a pain free approach to treat any cancer. It can even mitigate some side effects of conventional cancer treatments and thus is usually suggested with them.

The working of immunotherapy can be cleared only after understanding how your immune system functions. The immunity of the body detects the healthy cells and destroys the abnormal ones. This is way, the immune system of the body is seen as the warrior who helps in keeping the body safe from virus, bacteria, and other unwanted cells.

During the development of cancer, it is observed that the immune system is not able to detect the abnormal/cancerous cells. Immunotherapy is seen as a treatment which improves the ability of the immune system to identify cells which helps in eliminating the abnormal cells.

Candrol Centre of Oncology – is India’s one of the top Oncology centres for cancer for all types of metastatic cancer management. They follow a complete holistic approach and immunotherapy is highly effective in killing cancer cells. It is a renowned ca targeted therapy 100% safe anti-cancer treatment. It is headed by Dr. Rishi Sharma, one of the best oral cancer specialist in India.

Best Breast Cancer Specialist In India

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As stated in the Globocan 2012 data that if Oral cancer can be diagnosed at the early stage, the percentage of curing it is around 80% and if Oral cancer reaches its advanced stage, the rate curing the disease is just 20%. Therefore, immediately go for the Oral Cancer diagnostic test to detect the disease at the early stage.

Through the diagnostic test, doctors aim to find or detect the stage of cancer and check out whether it has spread to other organs of the body or not. When the cancer cells start to influence and affect the nearby organs, it is called the metastasis stage (advanced stage of cancer). According to this, it is decided that which type of diagnostic test is best for the patient. Other factors which play an essential role in determining the type of diagnostic tests are:

• Type of Oral Cancer
• The severity of the symptoms
• Age of Patient
• The medical health of the patient
• According to the reports of previous medical test

The above reports decide the Oral Cancer Diagnostic Test. The various methods for the diagnosis of Oral cancer are:

Physical Test

Physical Test is the primary oral cancer detection test. In the physical examination, the doctor will look out for the abnormalities on the lips and mouth. If there is an issue, they will look into the signs and symptoms, and according to that, the next diagnostic test will be suggested.

Endoscopy

Through endoscopy, doctors go to have a detailed interior look of the mouth. This is achieved by a long, thin, and flexible tube with an attached light and view lens at the front. This tube is inserted into the body through the mouth or nose, and the image is seen on the below display screen. This instrument is called the Endoscope. This test is conducted under anesthesia so that the sensation of pain can be eliminated.

Biopsy

After getting to know about the infected area through Endoscopy, doctors can go for Biopsy. In this diagnostic test for mouth cancer, doctors take a small tissue out of the infected area and examine that under the microscope. Now, depending upon the location of cancer, the type of Biopsy is decided. The two suggested biopsy types for Oral cancer are:

• Needle Aspiration Biopsy: In Needle Aspiration Biopsy, a thin needle is directly inserted into the body to remove cells from the infected areas. The pathologists later diagnose these cells to prepare the final report of the disease.
• Oral Brush Biopsy: Oral Brush Biopsy is the type of biopsy which is conducted in the dental clinic. The dentist uses a small needle and brings out tissue from the spacious areas. These tissues are later sent to the laboratory for examination, and if there is cancer, tradition Biopsy is used to confirm the results.

X-Ray

In x-rays, a small amount of radiation is used to create images of the internal organs of the body. X-rays is an older method of detecting Oral Cancer. X-rays are suggested when the doctors want to have a look of the abnormalities in the mouth or throat.

Computed Tomography or CT Scan

CT Scan is useful in creating the three-dimensional images of internal organs of the body. This is achieved with the help of x-rays when taken from different angles. Now, these images through x-rays are combined with the support of a computer for the detailed and better cross-sectional view of the abnormalities. Sometimes doctors inject a special dye called a contrast medium into the veins or give it in the form of liquid to swallow to get a better image of the infected organ.

CT Scan has proved handy in

• Measuring the size of a tumor
• Checking the metastasis state of cancer
• Determine whether cancer can be removed surgically or not

Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

Most of the time Positron emission tomography (PET) is combined with CT Scan for better results. In PET Scan, a small amount of radioactive sugar is injected into the body. Now, this radioactive sugar will be absorbed by the cells which are high in energy, and it is seen that the cancer cells are always high in energy compared to healthy cells. So, the cancer cells will absorb this radioactive substance, and with that, the scanner will detect these cells and the location of the cancerous cells.

Ultrasound

In Ultrasound, the sound waves are used to create the images of the organ. Through ultrasound, the spreading of cancer to the lymph node in the neck called cervical lymph nodes can also be detected.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

In MRI, Magnetic waves are used to create an image of the infected section. Also, MRI is useful in capturing the soft tissue of the mouth like tonsils, the base of tongue, etc. To conduct MRI, a small amount of contrast medium is injected into the body through the veins, so that they can collect a better sample of the infected area.

These are the methods which the doctors suggest for the Oral Cancer Diagnosis. On the basis of reports of these tests, the best-suited treatment for Oral Cancer for that particular individual is recommended. However, if you have any query, you are free to contact the experts at Candrol. Fill out the contact form and book an appointment now.  

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According to the Globocan 2012 stats on Oral Cancer, the primary cause of oral cancer is Tobacco consumption. About 80% of the Oral Cancer diseases are caused due to Tobacco. So, these numbers can rise even more if proper care is not taken. Apart from Tobacco, there are many other reasons too which are responsible causes of Oral Cancer. Read about all the risk factors which are linked with the causes of Oral Cancer.

Major Causes of Oral Cancer

Smoking

Smoking is the primary cause behind Oral Cancer. The people who smoke are six times more likely to get diagnosed with Oral Cancer compared to those who don’t smoke. In the UK, out of 100 Oral Cancer patients, 60 of them are caught by Oral Cancer cells due to smoking.

Second-Hand Smoking

Sometimes it is also seen that people who don’t smoke are also getting diagnosed with Oral Cancer frequently. There can be many reasons for this. One of them is Passive Smoking or second-hand smoking. People who don’t smoke but still living in between the smokers and inhaling the smoke of cigarettes, pipes, cigar, etc are also prone to get diagnosed with Oral Cancer. Most of the second-hand smoking cases are seen in people having smokers in their household or at offices.

Alcohol

Alcohol causes oral cancer and is again an essential factor to look out for. Alcohol is always unhealthy for the state of mouth, but it can be even more severe if you have the habit of both smoking and drinking together. According to research, 14 units of alcohol in a week is quite a safe limit, but if you prevent it entirely, then it would be even better.

Diet

Diet is a significant factor behind the cause of Oral Cancer. As we all know that the habit of healthy eating will keep the mouth healthy, but few people miss this. People should have a balanced diet in their food that means food should contain carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and fats. If any of the following is not in an adequate quantity, it will indirectly affect the health of the mouth. So, have healthy food especially rich in vitamins and proteins.

Weak Immune System

The immune system keeps the notice of the health of the body and prevents foreign cells from invading the body. Therefore, weaken the immune system, weaken the immunity of the body which means more prone to be caught by the disease. So, the weak Immune system is also one of the major causes of oral cancer.

Chewing Tobacco or Betel Quid

Apart from smoking tobacco, chewing is also injurious to health. Chewing Tobacco-like the Betel Quid also called Gutka or Paan are harmful to the body. Most of the people also think that chewing Tobacco is an alternative to smoking, but it’s not. Hence, erase this misconception and say no to chewing tobacco.

UV Radiation

UV Radiation from the sun is harmful to the skin. The direct contact with the sunrays for a long duration kills the cells of the upper layer of skin. The most common Oral Cancer type caused due to long-term exposure to UV Radiation is Lip Cancer.

Family History

You are on the radar of Oral Cancer if any of your family member or ancestor have oral cancer or any other type of cancer. But the possibility of getting caught by this kind of risk factor is quite low compared to other risk factors.

Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

HPV is a kind of virus which infects or attacks your skin and the skin lining body cavities. Most of the time, this virus doesn’t show any symptom, and with time the small tumor grows into a big one. Again this is not a significant factor behind the cause of Mouth or Oral Cancer, but there is a little possibility. HPV spread from one person to another through skin contact mainly due to sexual intercourse. So, use precautions and avoid having multiple sex partners.

Past Cancer History

If a person has had any cancer in the past, then there is a possibility that he might get caught by the oral cancer cells. Especially the person who had esophagus cancer, squamous cell skin cancer, penile cancer, cervical cancer, anal cancer is more prone to Oral Cancer.

Mouth Conditions

When the health condition of the mouth is not healthy, there is a possibility that you might get to experience red or white patches in the mouth. The red patches are called erythroplakia whereas the white patches are called leukoplakia, and these patches can develop into cancer in the near future. Therefore, maintain good mouth health and regular dental check-ups can only achieve this.

These were the most common causes of oral cancer and risk factors. Try to eliminate these risk factors from the daily routine for the best health. In case you experience any of the Oral Cancer symptoms, or you are in continuous exposure to the above risk factors, meet the doctor immediately for the proper treatment on time. The stats reflect that the success rate of curing cancer at the early stage is 80% compared to that of 21% at advanced stages. Therefore, be on time, before it’s too late. Don’t miss to read about the Oral Cancer Prevention methods.

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According to Globocan Data, every year 70% of the people die, out of the total number of people who get diagnosed with Mouth cancer in that calendar year.  Also, the survival rate of first stage Mouth cancer is 80% compared to that of a 30% survival rate at the advanced stage. Therefore, go for an immediate check-up if you face any type of Oral Cancer symptoms as early stage cure rate is always high. The various Oral Cancer Symptoms are:

• Sore on your lip or mouth that won’t heal
• Trouble wearing dentures
• Mass or growth anywhere in your mouth
• Pain or difficulty in swallowing
• Bleeding from your mouth
• A headache
• Lump in the Neck
• Loose teeth
• A sore Throat
• Tongue pain
• Jaw Pain or Stiffness
• White, red and white, or red patches in or on the Mouth and Lips
• Unintentional Weight Loss

These were some of the symptoms which the Oral Cancer patient might experience during the disease. The rate of the symptoms can vary according to the stage of disease and health of the patient. Some might suffer from severe symptoms whereas some might get to endure no signs at the initial stage. The lack of symptoms at the initial stage is the biggest concern. So, be careful with all the above symptoms and meet the doctor immediately if you experience any of the above symptoms.

Oral Cancer Risk Factor

Before discussing the oral cancer prevention tips, lets see the Risk Factors, those factors which might become the reason behind the growth of Oral Cancer cells in your body. Some of the common Oral Cancer Risk Factors are:

• HPV Infection
• Family History
• Weak Immune System
• Poor Health or Nutrition
• Genetic Syndromes
• Chronic Facial Sun Exposure
• Being Male as Males are twice more likely to get caused by Oral Cancer compared to women

These were some of the common Oral Cancer risk factors, or we can say the causes of Oral Cancer. Out of all these, some can be prevented if the patient follows some standard guidelines. So, read about the Oral Cancer Prevention Methods below.

Oral Cancer Prevention Methods

The various methods for Oral cancer prevention are:

Consume Fruits and Vegetables

Watch the complete the list of cancer fighting foods

The lack of fruits and vegetable in the daily diet can reduce the count of nutrition consumption which may indirectly influence the state of mouth. Fruits and Vegetables can revive the health of the immune system. Therefore, add an adequate amount of fruits and vegetables in your diet. Carrots, Brussels sprouts, and squash are best for the mouth.

Use Sun Protection

The direct and longtime exposure to Sun Rays is harmful to the body. This can lead to Oral Cancer. However, you can reduce this impact by using sun protection like put on a hat with a wide brim, use lip balm and UV protection creams.

Say No to Alcohol

Say No to Alcohol as heavy alcohol consumption can irritate the state of mouth. Consuming three to four drinks in a day on a regular basis is always risky for mouth’s health. Also, you are more prone to Oral Cancer if you have a habit of smoking along with drinking. So, limit the alcohol consumption now.

Beware of HPV

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common virus. The presence of HPV in the mouth can be harmful as with time it can lead to cancer. You can control and eliminate HPV from the mouth by taking Vaccine if you are not a sexually active person and if you are a sexually active person then try to avoid multiple sex partners and have protected intercourse.

Pay Visits to Dental Clinic

There is a misconception about dental clinics that they will only clean the teeth, fill implants, etc. But they also check the complete health of the mouth by having a look of the tongue, cheeks, etc. So, paying regular visits to the Dental clinic can help you in diagnosing the disease at the early stage. It’s always good to give your mouth a monthly check.

Quit Smoking

This is one of the most important tasks which you need to accomplish to prevent mouth cancer. Behind 80% of the Oral Cancer cases, the reason found is Tobacco use. The higher you smoke, the higher you possess the possibility of getting diagnosed with Oral Cancer. Therefore, quit smoking if you haven’t done so because Smoking is Injurious to Health.

Stay Away from Second Hand Smoke

Second-Hand Smoke or passive smoking is also a cause of many oral cancer cases. So, avoid sitting in places like pubs, restaurants, etc where you can experience second-hand smoke. The higher you stay in the range of second-hand smoke, the higher you are probable of mouth cancer. Also, there is no safe limit for intake of second-hand smoke, so avoid it altogether.

Avoid Chewing 

Chewing Gums are very injurious to health. They lead to the cancer type of mouth called Gum Cancer. Therefore, avoid chewing to eliminate the chances of getting caught by cells of gum cancer.

Say No to Betel Quid

Betel Quid, commonly known as Paan in India, is also a factor behind the Oral Cancer and when Tobacco gets added to this Betel Quid, it becomes Gutka. As we have already discussed that Tobacco is harmful to health. Hence, avoid the consumption of Betel Quid for the best hygiene of mouth.

So, now we are aware of the various methods for Oral Cancer Prevention. Implement these methods in your daily schedule to get the best health of the mouth. To know in detail about these prevention methods and best tactics to avoid these, take a piece of advice from Expert. Fill the contact form or direct call to the helpline number of Candrol for best guidance.

Important Links

Oral Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Options

Oral Cancer TNM Staging

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In the recent interview, the Head of the Oncology Department at AIIMS Delhi, Dr. Deo said that Oral Cancer cases in India are increasing at an alarming rate and the primary cause found behind this Tobacco. Tobacco consumption has killed over 100 million people worldwide in the last one decade. This a terrifying number and a concerning one too.

No doubt Tobacco is a significant cause of the Oral Cancer, but there are many other factors too which are contributing to Oral Cancer. One of them is lack of proper diagnoses at the right time. The initial stage cure rate of Oral Cancer is high compared to that of an advanced stage. In this article, we will know about the different types of Oral Cancer.

Oral cancer is tailored to the uncontrolled growth of cells which with time invades and affects the nearby organs whereas an understanding of the type of oral cancer will help in carrying out proper diagnosis and treatment. Read in detail about different Oral Cancer types.

Different Types of Oral Cancer

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Carcinoma means cancer. In Squamous Cell Carcinoma, some of the squamous cells of mouth are abnormal. A total of about 90% of oral cancer occurred in the mouth cavity, and oropharynx is Squamous Cell Carcinoma. The cells of Squamous Cell Carcinoma are flat and arranged in a scale line way covering of mouth, nose, larynx, and throat.  

Verrucous Carcinoma

Verrucous carcinoma is made of cells of squamous cells which grows at a slow rate. Around 5% of all Oral Cancer or Oral Cavity Tumors are Verrucous Carcinoma. It is uncommon that this type of cancer will spread to its nearby organs but they can affect the tissues which are surrounding the site of origin.

Minor Salivary Gland Carcinomas  

Minor Salivary Gland Carcinoma is a type of oral cancer which happens to takes or develops in Minor Salivary Glands present in the mouth. These minor salivary glands are found at the lining of Mouth and Throat. The different kinds of Minor Salivary Carcinomas are the mucoepidermoid carcinoma, polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma.

Lymphomas

The type of oral cancer which develops on the lymph tissue/ nodes which is the part of the immune system of the are called Lymphomas. In mouth, tongue and tonsils are the most familiar section where the Lymphoma can occur. The most common signs which a person who has Lymphoma can experience is the Painless Swelling of the lymph nodes, most commonly on the neck as neck also possess some types of lymph tissues. Lymphoma is further classified into two categories that are Hodgkin Lymphoma and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma.

Melanoma

Melanomas originate from the pigments that are producing cells which give its color to the skin. Melanomas can occur in any part of mouth or throat. Therefore, the remedy to this type of Oral Cancer is the regular oral health checkup. Radiotherapy and surgery are the conventional methods which are useful for treating Melanoma.

Benign Oral Cavity and Oropharyngeal Tumors

Most of the time a tumor grows with time, but that doesn’t mean that they are cancerous. This non-cancerous growth of the tumor is known as Benign. The general observed between Benign and Cancer is that cancer can spread to the nearby organs whereas benign doesn’t. But in some cases, they can spread to the nearby organs. Therefore surgery is suggested for all the Benign patients as benign doesn’t reoccur in the body after being removed. Different benign tumors are listed below:

• Eosinophilic granuloma
• Keratoacanthoma
• Fibroma
• Leiomyoma
• Granular cell tumor
• Lipoma
• Neurofibroma
• Osteochondroma
• Papilloma
• Schwannoma
• Verruciform xanthoma
• Rhabdomyoma
• Condyloma acuminatum
• Odontogenic tumors
• Pyogenic granuloma

Leukoplakia and Erythroplakia

Leukoplakia is the state of mouth and throat which can cause abnormal functioning of cells. These are the precancerous signs which don’t harm the body at the initial stage, but with time they can turn into cancer. A person suffering from Leukoplakia will get to experience white patches in the mouth. These white patches occur in the mouth occur due to the growth of abnormal cells which are called dysplasia. Therefore, undergo the health check-up and get proper treatment. A biopsy is the suggested diagnostic test for Leukoplakia.

Just like Leukoplakia, Erythroplakia is also the precancerous sign which can develop into cancer if proper care is not taken. In Erythroplakia, harmless red patches appear in the mouth which can bleed easily. Go for biopsy and get to know that you are progressing towards cancer or not.

As per the stats, Leukoplakia is less prone to grow as cancer compared to Erythroplakia. Out of 100 Leukoplakia cases, there are only 5 cases which can develop as cancer, but in the case of Erythroplakia, about 50 of 100 instances grow like cancer. However proper care can eliminate the growth of cancer lesions from Leukoplakia and Erythroplakia.

These were the types of Oral Cancer whose knowledge can help you get a more precise and better treatment. Know about the symptoms of Oral Cancer and its forms and accordingly go for the screening. To know in detail about this, you can book an appointment with the experts of Candrol. Don’t miss read to read the other aspects of Oral Cancer like causes, symptoms, treatment, prevention, etc.

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Through this article, get to know in detail about the Treatment and diagnosis of Oral Cancer.

Diagnosis of Oral Cancer

There are a lot of options available for the doctors to detect oral cancer and its staging. If you are suffering from any of the oral cancer symptoms or you, have a habit of oral cancer causes, or you are in exposure to the Oral Cancer causes, then an immediate check-up is suggested to you. The various tests which the doctors can conduct according to your body and medical history are as follows:

Physical Examination

The physical test is the primary test for all diagnosis as it helps in providing the overview of the patient health. In the physical examination/ test, the doctor will check and carefully examine the health of mouth, throat, cheeks, Lymph nodes of the neck. According to the state of these organs, a report will be prepared for the further test.

Endoscopy

Through Endoscopy, doctors manage to check the interior of the throat and mouth. In general, we define endoscopy as a nonsurgical method of testing the digestive tract of a person. In Endoscopy, a flexible tube called an endoscope is entered into the body through the digestive tract. This endoscope is attached with a light and camera which enables the doctors to view the state of the body on a big color screen. For Oral Cancer, upper endoscopy is suggested at the initial level as in upper Endoscopy, doctors pass an endoscope through the mouth and through to test and check its overall health.   

Now coming to the safety of Endoscopy. It is an entirely safe diagnostic method, but there is a possibility of infection, bleeding, Perforation.

X-Ray

X-ray is quite a standard method which the doctors primarily go for. X-ray is used to create the images of the internal structures of the body by using a small amount of radiation.

Computed Tomography (CT Scan)

We can call Computed Tomography (CT Scan) as an upgraded version of X-ray. Through CT Scan, doctors can scan out the complete body to find out the infected sections. CT Scan gives a more detailed status of the body as it uses both X-rays and Computer to create pictures of infected parts.

In CT Scan, rays are passed through the targeted site which gives a series of images from various different angles, and according to that, the computer creates 2D and 3D cross-sectional images. When coming to the productivity of CT Scan, it is quite useful, but during CT Scan, ionizing radiation is passed through the body which is harmful to the body. According to research, Ionizing Radiation may damage your DNA which can lead to cancer, but the chances of Cancer through this radiation is 1:2000.

Biopsy

A biopsy is a diagnostic method in which tissue is taken out from the infected area. The pathologist checks the tissue under the microscope to determine the stage, and further treatment of cancer caused. The various methods to conduct Biopsy are:

• Incision or Punch Biopsy
• A fine needle aspiration with Cytology
• Nasendoscopy
• Panendoscopy

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

In Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the magnetic waves and radio waves are used to create an image of body organs. This is a quite useful and suggested method when the doctors want to have a vision of soft tissues like tonsils, the base of tongue, etc. Also, MRI is used to check the size of the tumor.  

Now, coming to the safety of MRI, it is a safe and painless method. Also, no radiation is released during MRI as involves magnetic waves (no x-rays).

Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is used by the doctors when they need to have a detailed 3D image of the body organs. For the best results and a better understanding of the stage, PET is combined with a CT scan, and MRI called PET-CT Scan and PET-MRI respectively. 

Treatment of Oral Cancer

Treatment of Oral Cancer is determined according to the diagnostic reports.  Some of the most common methods for the oral cancer treatment are:

Chemotherapy

In simple words, Chemotherapy is a treatment of cancer by drugs. An amount of chemo drug is given to the body in order to kill the cancerous cells present in the body. Chemotherapy is an effective method of dealing with cancer, but the major drawback of this chemo drugs is that it may cause or lead to a number of side effects.

Surgery

Through surgery, doctors remove the entire tumor or lymph nodes from the mouth and reconstruct the removed part either by pedicle or by free flap reconstruction.

Radiation Therapy

In Radiation Therapy, doctors target cancer affected cells with radiation beams in order to eliminate them without harming the healthy cells. For oral cancer treatment, there are two types of Radiation Therapy which the doctors mostly go for.

• External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT)
• Brachytherapy

Targeted Drug Therapy

In this treatment, doctors aim to stop or minimize the growth of cancer cells by injecting drugs into cancer infected sites. Also, doctors are seen suggesting Targeted Drug Therapy with Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy.

These were some of the treatment methods which the doctors opt according to your health and stage of the disease. Apart from all these treatments, nutrition (diet) also plays a vital role in treating Oral Cancer. To know about the best diet plan for the oral cancer patients, book an appointment with our expert by filling the contact form.

Must Read: Oral Cancer TNM Staging

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The stage and treatment of oral cancer are defined according to the TNM system. TNM staging also assists the doctors and patients to understand how big the tumour is and what is its level and how to treat it. So that they can progress in a right direction. TNM stands for:

T – Tumour

N – Node

M – Metastasis

Doctors calculate and analyse the T, N, and M scores individually and then decide the stage of Oral Cancer. Tumour, Node, and Metastasis are further divided into multiple types. Check the complete list of TNM staging below.

Tumour (T) Category

Tumour (T) category is used to determine the size of a tumour. The further classification of T-category is:

TX: This is the primary stage and major symptoms are not observed at this stage. So, TX stage can’t be accessed.

TO: Primary Stage. Can’t be found or diagnosed.

Tis: This stage is called Carcinoma in situ – the group of abnormal cells. These cells are present on the top lining of the oral cavity. The cancer cells are still to increase in size. So, again this a primary stage.

T1: The Tumour size is of 2 cm or smaller.

T2: The Tumour size is between 2 to 4 cm.

T3: The Tumour size is bigger than 4 cm.

T4: The T4 stage is further divided into two types-

T4a: In this stage, the Tumour starts to infect the nearby structures/ parts. For those who are suffering from Oral Cavity Cancer, the cancer cells start spreading in bones of the jaw or face or maxillary sinus or on the deep muscle of the tongue, or on the skin of the face. So, doctors define this stage as the moderate advanced local disease.

T4b: In T4b stage, the cancer cells have been grown through the nearby structures/ parts. Now, these cells can lead to any oral cancer type. Doctors call this stage – the advanced local disease. Specific treatment under proper guidance is must at this stage.

Node (N) Category

This stage determines whether the cancer cells are present in the lymph nodes or not. Node (N) stage is classified into four types:

NX: Primary stage, no information can be accessed.

NO: The cancer cells has not infected any of the nearby lymph nodes.

N1: This is the initial stage of a Tumour. The cells infect only one nearby lymph node that too on the same side. In this case, the lymph node is not bigger than 3 cm.

N2: The N2 stage is further divided into three types:

       N2a: In this case, only one nearby lymph node is infected that too on the same side, and the lymph node size is between 3cm to 6cm.

       N2b: In this case, two or more lymph nodes on the same sides are infected, and the size of the lymph node is larger than 6cm.

       N3c: In N3c, one or more lymph nodes are infected on both sides of the neck or on the opposite side of the primary Tumour. The lymph node, in this case, is not larger than 6cm.

N3: In this type of Node, the size of a lymph node is larger than 6cm.

Metastasis (M) Category

In the Metastasis category, the diagnostic test checks whether the cancer cells have spread to any other part of the body. The further classification of Metastasis are:

M0: In this stage, no infection is detected in any part of the body.

M1: When the test’s result shows that cancer has reached outside the neck or head portion, you are at the M1 stage. We call this the most critical stage.

This is the complete hierarchy of the Oral Cancer TNM stages. So, anyone who is experiencing any symptoms of oral cancer must go for diagnostic tests. According to the results, classify your disease as per the TNM staging and undergo the procedure as required.

The post Oral Cancer TNM Staging and It’s Classification appeared first on Candrol Cancer Treatment & Research Center.

The use of tobacco in any form will largely create unconstructive effects on the health of humans.  Most studies have focused chiefly on using tobacco in the form of cigarette smoking. Accordingly, a British physiologist, Richard Doll published his findings in 1950, proving that there is a close association between smoking and lung cancer. Tobacco smoke includes over 50 harmful chemicals, among which nicotine is the major culprit causing cancer in smokers. During smoking, nicotine will cause both physicals, as well as emotional dependency. According to the World Health Organization, tobacco smoking is injurious to health and causes about 6 million fatalities every year. According to a survey conducted in 2014, it is estimated that tobacco smoking will kill 1 billion people approximately in the twenty-first century and most of them will be in their 70s.

Different Forms of Smoking Exposure

Usually, drinking and smoking injurious to health for the body of humans. It has been established that Injurious effects will not only cause damaging effects in smokers but also in non-smokers in different ways. Some of them include:

Second Hand (Passive) Smoking-

It is a blend of smoke from the burning point of a cigarette, cigar, or pipe, and it is the one, which is puffed out from the lungs of active smokers. It is unwillingly inhaled that remains in the air for hours after a cigarette has been extinguished. This may create an extensive range of unfavorable health effects, including respiratory diseases, cancer, and asthma.

This will offer you the best answer if you are wondering “is passive smoking injurious?

Must you read our blog on does second hand smoking causes cancer ?

Cigars

Similar to other smoking forms, cigar smoking causes a major health risk according to the dosage. There will be a greater risk for people who inhale more when they smoke, smoke them longer, or smoke more cigars. The hazard of dying for any reason is considerably more for cigar smokers, particularly for those who are of 65 years or more age. Cigar smoking is injurious to health and will cause cancers of the larynx and lung, as well.

Hookah

Most smokers have a common belief that the hookah smoking form of tobacco will create less damaging effects than the traditional cigarette form. However, it is not true because the application of hookah can be detrimental to the health of a person like smoking cigarettes. Moreover, usually, each hookah session will last over 40 minutes. This means that the smoker will undergo a maximum of 200 inhalations, each ranging from 0.15 liters to 0.50 liters of smoke. As a result, their overall health is affected more by 200 times than that of the cigarette smokers.  Hookah smokers will be more susceptible to gum infections than the traditional smokers will. If you ask, is smoking shisha injurious to health, definitely, it is injurious.

How Smoking is Injurious to Health

When you read some “smoking is injurious to health” quotes, you can perceive that tobacco is hazardous to your health, regardless of the form of your smoking. All forms of smoking do include only unsafe substances, ranging from nicotine to tar to carbon monoxide. When you inhale these substances, it will not only affect your lungs but also your entire body. It can lead to a range of ongoing problems in your body, including long-term side effects on your body structures. Some of the riskiest side effects of smoking include:

Smoking Damages the Central Nervous System

Nicotine, which is available in tobacco, is considered a mood-changing drug. While smoking nicotine reaches your brain immediately and will make you feel more animated for some time. Once the effect fades, you will feel tired and will long for more. The nicotine can damage your cognitive performance and will make you feel nervous, aggravated, and dejected. It can cause sleep problems and headaches, too.

Smoking Severely Affects the Respiratory System

When you smoke, it means you are absorbing substances that can harm your lungs. In due course, this harm will show the way to a range of health issues. When you smoke along with your underlying medical conditions, you will be at a higher jeopardy of constant non-treatable lung disorders that include:

• The obliteration of the airbags in your lungs, known as emphysema.
• Unceasing bronchitis, permanent irritation that affects the inside layer of the breathing tubes of your lungs
• A cluster of lung infections, including the chronic disruptive pulmonary infection.
• Lung cancer

Smoking will cause provisional jamming and respiratory distress in your airways and lungs, meaning your respiratory system will attain the permanently damaged condition.

Smoking is Injurious to Heart

Smoking regularly damages the cardiovascular system of your body, as nicotine tighten the blood vessels, which, in turn, restricts the blood circulation. Eventually, the continue narrowing, together with the blood vessels, can make you suffer from the peripheral artery infection. Smoking will boost the levels of your blood pressure, deteriorate the walls of the blood vessel, and will increase the blood clots, which will increase the hazard of stroke, as well.

Smoking is Injurious for Skin and Hairs

The noticeable symptoms of smoking entail skin damages. When you smoke, your skin structure will start changing and it may increase the jeopardy of skin cancer. The nails in your fingers and toes will become weak, thus, it can show the way to fungal nail diseases. Nicotine will also affect the health of your hair, which may lead to hair loss, graying, or balding.

Smoking Damages the Digestive System

Smoking will boost the risk of throat, mouth, esophagus, and larynx cancer. If you smoke, you will have more chances of suffering from pancreatic cancer. It will also increase the levels of your blood glucose if you are a diabetic. Thus, you will be more vulnerable to suffer from type 2 diabetes.

Still wondering Is smoking injurious to health?

Smoking is Injurious to Health and Causes Life-Threatening Disease- CANCER

While we have already mentioned how smoking is injurious to health and gradually results in various types of cancer, it is still crucial to mention this point separately so that if our readers missed it above, they get to read it clearly here! Smoking can cause various types of cancer including the lung cancer, larynx cancer, skin cancer, and pancreatic cancer. Cancer is a life-threatening disease and thus, it is essential to quit smoking habit as soon as possible. Precaution is better than cure and thus, all of us should take vital precautions of staying away from smoking and thus, stay safe from risky diseases such as cancer. Given below are few significant ways on how to quit smoking.

Effective to Ways to QUIT SMOKING

Although some people quit smoking through their willpower, most do better with a customized plan to achieve it. A fine quitting strategy will address both the short-term, as well as the long-term challenge of quitting the smoke habit. It should be customized, as well, according to your smoking habits and specific requirements. Seeing the smoking is injurious to health images will make your quitting endeavor easy, as well. Here are the other easy and effective ways for you to come out of your smoking habit successfully.

One of the easiest ways to quit your smoking habit is following the START strategy. Each letter in the term refers to a quitting plan. Accordingly to this strategy:

“S” Represents – SET A QUIT DAY
You can decide a date shortly to quit your smoking habit. This will offer you sufficient time to get yourself ready to quit smoking devoid of losing your inspiration to stop. If you mostly smoke at your work, you can stop the habit during your weekends, so you have some days to adapt to the change.

“T” refers to TELL FRIENDS, FAMILY, AND COLLEAGUES about your quitting plan.
Allow people around you to know your smoking quitting plan. This will allow you to get their support during your quitting expedition. Seek a similar friend who also wants to quit smoking. You can assist each other in expanding the difficult times.

“A” refers to ANTICIPATE AND ARRANGE  for meeting the challenges you will come across while you are quitting smoke.
Most individuals who start smoking again will achieve so within the initial three months. You can aid yourself in making it through by preparing in advance for widespread challenges, such as nicotine extraction and cigarette longings.

“R” refers to REMOVE cigarettes and other products made of tobacco from your house, workplace, and car.
Get rid of your entire cigarettes, ashtrays, lighters, and matches from the places where you usually smoke. Wash your clothing and clean up anything that holds the smell similar to smoke. Clean your car, carpet, and drapes, including steaming your furniture.

“T” refers to TALK TO YOUR FAMILY DOCTOR regarding getting support to quit.
Your healthcare professional or family doctor can recommend medications to help you with removal symptoms. If you are unable to meet your doctor, you can buy many effective and safe products, including nicotine lozenges, patches, and gum over the counter at a pharmacy in your area.

Conclusion

Quitting smoke cannot be achieved overnight, as it needs time and patience. You should also have the required determination to quit the habit by understanding its risks and side effects by asking yourself, is smoking injurious to health.

The post How Smoking is Injurious to Health and Process to Quit it! appeared first on Candrol Cancer Treatment & Research Center.

Mouth Cancer From Chewing Tobacco – How Does it Occur?

Though the accurate cause of mouth cancer is unclear, there are assured lifestyle factors that can put someone at hazard for this grave disease. Tobacco of any kind – cigarettes, pipes, cigars, as well as smokeless tobacco, can increase your risk for oral cancer. Heavy use of alcohol and chewing tobacco increases the risk of developing oral cancer.  Moreover, when a person uses both tobacco and alcohol, the situation gets worse!

Tobacco smoke has a bunch of chemicals that cause cancer. Each time you inhale that smoke, its poisonous chemicals get into your body, which gets carried to all parts of your body. Many of these chemicals can damage your DNA, which controls and directs each kind of cell to do what it is made for. Damaged DNA can make cells which are unusual and these unusual cells can turn into cancer cells.

To know more about how Smoking is injurious to health follow the link.

Be it chewing tobacco or the smoke of tobacco, the fact is that there is a lot of tar and harmful poisonous gases contained in them respectively. The element that causes mouth cancer by Tobacco chewing and the one which makes people addict is nicotine. Nicotine, the addictive drug, is considered one of the most abrasive chemicals present in tobacco. The leaves of tobacco are used for making cigars or cigarettes. These leaves have radioactive substances in them. Mostly the chances of oral cancer due to chewing tobacco happen in people over the age of 40, and a diet that is lacking fruits and green vegetables can make it easier to deal.

Chemicals Which Causes Oral Cancer from Tobacco

The fully dried tobacco leaves are used to make cigars, cigarettes, and of course, the chewable tobacco also. The tobacco actually comes from the tobacco plant from genus Nicotiana. More than seventy different types of tobacco are found wherein the N.tabacum variety is the most coveted one in the commercial world of tobacco. Some other ingredients are also included to enhance the flavor of tobacco and to make it more enjoyable. The smoke produced from these kinds of stuff is a multifaceted combination of many chemicals twisted by burning tobacco. Tobacco smoke is made up of burning thousands of chemicals, and many of them are the main cause of increases the chances of oral cancer from chewing tobacco. Cancer-causing chemicals found in Tobacco smoke include:

•       Hydrogen cyanide
•       Lead
•       Nicotine (one of the most poisonous chemical in tobacco)
•       Formaldehyde
•       Arsenic
•       Benzene
•       Ammonia
•       Nitrosamines
•       Carbon monoxide
•       Some radioactive elements like uranium
•       Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Many of these chemicals cause mouth or oral cancer. Some can cause lung diseases, heart diseases, or other grave health issues, too.

Mouth Cancer From Tobacco – The Statistics

Chewing tobacco is the chief preventable cause of death from cancer and other diseases, yet there are 40 million smokers and tobacco addicted in the world. Researchers calculated the percentage of cancer deaths among people 35 years and older due to the cigarette, chewing tobacco, smoking in 2014. They found that nearly 29 percent of deaths were because of chewing tobacco.

Types of Cancer Caused By Tobacco

Mainly people relate mouth cancer from chewing tobacco but do you know there are so many types’ of cancers that can be caused by smoking and chewing tobacco. Every time a person chew tobacco, 7000 chemicals enter his lungs and extend to other parts of the body. Here are some of the cancers caused by chewing tobacco.

•       Esophagus cancer
•       Mouth and throat cancer
•       Pancreas cancer

A large segment of cancers of the mouth can be endorsed to smoking, 60% of which are oral cavity and pharynx cancers, 77% of larynx cancers and 60% oesophageal cancer cases. Recognizing mouth cancer chewing tobacco early signs helps in the timely treatment.

Benefits of Quitting Tobacco

If you are addicted to chewing tobacco, you should quit it right now. But quitting can be tough. Though it is not easy to quit tobacco regular efforts surely result in successful quitting of tobacco. If you are not able to quit it all of a sudden, do not get disappointed with your failures and try again until you succeed!  View any past attempts to quit smoking as a learning practice but not a failure. There are many reasons to quit tobacco. Long-term use of tobacco can increase the risk of many serious health problems. Though there are several ways to quit tobacco but the most important is your firm determination that plays a significant role in quitting tobacco forever! There are some health benefits that began almost immediately when you quit chewing tobacco. Every week, month, and year without tobacco improves your health and reduce the symptoms of oral cancer from chewing tobacco.

• Blood pressure and pulse rate of the body fall to regular. Also, the temperature of hands and feet increases to usual.
• Your blood circulation improves.
• Walking becomes easier.
• Your lungs work better and wounds heal more quickly.
• Lower risk of erectile dysfunction.
• Healthier teeth, gums, and skin.
• Lower risk of infertility due to damaged sperm
• Lower chance of blood clots in the legs.
• The risk of mouth, throat, esophagus, and bladder cancers are decreased by half.
• The risk of a sudden heart attack goes down.
• The risk of coronary heart disease is half that of someone still using tobacco.

Similar to any addiction, quitting tobacco is tricky, particularly if you do it alone. There are a lot of ways to quit chewing tobacco and many resources are available in the market which helps you. In the end, there are some practical tips for you:

• Read about the health benefits of quitting tobacco as that will inspire you for quitting this bad habit.
• Also, know and understand the health risks caused by chewing tobacco including Cancer.
• Stick to short-term goals while planning to quit tobacco. For example, instead of thinking ‘I will not chew tobacco for one week, say that ‘I will not chew tobacco today’. This makes your mind think that you have a task only for a day and slowly you can increase it to two, three days and so on!
• Get involved in your hobbies and whenever you feeling like having tobacco, do a task that interests you and diverts your mind from the thought of chewing tobacco.

Last but not the least, if you don’t use tobacco or smoking -don’t start! If you do use tobacco or smoking -quit!

The post Mouth / Oral Cancer From Chewing Tobacco – Chances and Symptoms appeared first on Candrol Cancer Treatment & Research Center.

1. Overview of oral cancer on tongue
2. Causes of  tongue cancer  
3. Oral tongue cancer survival rate
4. Tongue Cancer symptoms
5. Stages of tongue cancer 
6. Treatment of Tongue Cancer
7. How can you prevent tongue cancer?

Tongue Cancer Overview

As mentioned earlier, it is one of other several types of cancers which occurs when cells divide abnormally to form tumors and bumpy materials on the tongue. Tongue cancer is of two types:

1. Oral tongue cancer which occurs on the front of the tongue.
2. Oral cancer under the tongue which happens at the base of the tongue where it connects to the throat.

What Are the Causes of Tongue Cancer?

The following things can cause tongue cancer, it completely depends on your immune system too, below given are the major causes of tongue cancer:

1. Heavy alcoholism
2. Smoking or chewing tobacco
3. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection too can cause oral cancer tongue bumps
4. A Family history of oral cancer
5. Not taking proper care of oral health

Survival Rate of people suffering from tongue cancer?

The American Cancer Society summarized the rates as per the following division:

1. Local: The cancer is only in the area where it started and is not spreading.
2. Regional: Cancer has infected nearby tissues but has not spread rapidly to distant sites.
3. Distant: Cancer has spread far apart.

According to them, the 5-year relative survival rate for:

1. Local cancer is 78%.
2. Regional cancer is 63%.
3. Distant cancer is 36%

Symptoms of tongue cancer

The symptoms of tongue cancer are as follows:

1. A lump or sore on the side of the tongue that has not disappeared even after a month, can be one of the first signs of tongue cancer.
2. An ulcer on the tongue that persists.
3. Pain in chewing or swallowing food.
4. Tongue bleeding.
5. A red or white patch or patches on the tongue that does not go away.

Stages of Oral Cancer in the Tongue

The stage of cancer describes how the treatment should go on. Oral cancer in the tongue are generally staged in the following ways-

1.       Stage 1– The size of the tumor is 1 inch and has not yet spread.
2.       Stage 2– The size of the tumor is greater than 1 inch and is growing.
3.       Stage 3– The size of the tumor/tumors has crossed the 2-inch mark and is spreading.
4.       Stage 4– Cancer has started to affect the mouth, lips and is spreading to the rest of the body.

What are the Treatments Available for Tongue Cancer?

1. Chemotherapy- It Kills cells that are multiplying quickly.
2. Radiation Therapy– It uses X-Rays and other high-energy rays to kill abnormal cells.
3. Surgery– Depends on the case. (Tongue Cancer Removal- Part of the affected area can be removed, the surgery is called partial glossectomy)
4. Immunotherapy – It uses the body’s own immune system to fight the disease and is being considered by many patients. It is also worth mentioning that this therapy is much better than other tongue cancer treatments as it has almost negligible side effects.

What are the Risk Factors for Developing a Tongue Cancer?

1.       It is a common fact that cigarette and alcohols are prominent risk factors for developing a tongue cancer.
2.       Smokers have a very high chance of developing a tongue cancer along with a lung cancer.
3.       UV exposure to lips can trigger the initiation process of developing a tongue cancer.
4.       Chewing betel nuts regularly.
5.       Exposure to harmful chemicals like Sulfuric acid, formaldehyde, and asbestos can too lead to the development of tongue cancer. 

How to Prevent Oral Cancer in Tongue?

In order to prevent oral cancer in a tongue, you will have to make some changes in your lifestyle like:

1.    You will have to stop smoking.
2.    Avoid chewing tobacco and other related products.
3.    Avoid drinking alcohol too much.
4.    Eat fruits and vegetables that are good for your mouth.
5.    Take good care of your oral health.
6.    Brush your teeth properly, gargle frequently.
7.    You should visit a dentist every 6 months for the regular checkup.

Tongue cancer is not like other cancers which are very common these days. The chances of getting a tongue cancer are high only if you do not follow the preventive measures and do things like smoking even after being aware of the consequences. In that case, no one can help you from preventing the disease. If you take proper care of your oral health everything will be normal and you will live a healthy life.

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